Georg Zachmann

European natural gas imports

This dataset aggregates daily data on European natural gas import flows and storage levels.

Europe's energy aid to Ukraine must change

How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t

The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability

Five reasons why attacking the EU carbon market is economic self-sabotage

When discussing the EU emissions trading system, policymakers should remember five risks of undermining the system

Dependence on fossil fuels, not on the United States, is Europe’s worry

The US has replaced Russia to a great extent as an energy supplier to the European Union, but this has not so far created a new vulnerability

EU renewables value tracker

Defragmenting European Union climate policy

Simplification without carbon price convergence risks deeper fragmentation, higher costs and weaker credibility for the EU’s climate target

Better coordination for a more efficient European energy system

EU energy efficiency hinges on open data, integrated grid planning and aligned national plans as electrification raises the cost of fragmentation

European natural gas demand tracker

Tracking monthly natural gas demand by country and the EU as a whole, with a breakdown of the power, industry and household sectors where possible

Powering Europe's digital future: towards sustainable data centres

The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity

The inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it

How can carbon credits work better?

New ideas on reaching climate targets as COP30 gets underway

Europe’s electricity capacity mechanisms need to be better coordinated

This paper analyses EU capacity mechanisms, their cost and security impacts, and the pros and challenges of deeper regional coordination

Why are distributional effects an obstacle to a competitive EU energy system?

A Strawman Proposal to Use International Flexibility in Achieving Developed Countries Climate Targets to Catalyse Global Decarbonisation

One year on from Draghi, where does EU energy policy stand?

Progress has been made on EU energy integration to underpin competitiveness, but much more remains to be done

An internal electricity market for competitiveness, affordability and sovereignty​

Testimony to the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy

Preventing future electricity blackouts requires thorough analysis

There is still no clear picture of what led to the Iberian blackout; a comprehensive, evidence-based investigation is essential

[UPDATED] Wired for the future: building Europe’s next-gen electricity grid

New reflections on Europe's electricity grid system after the outage in Spain and Portugal

Who should be charged? Principles for fair allocation of electricity system costs

This Policy Brief sets out four principles for pricing electricity fairly