Publications

The struggle to cut emissions from international aviation and shipping

Three possible policy pathways could lead to improvement and systemic change in the aviation and maritime sectors.

A quantitative evaluation of the European Commission’s fiscal governance proposal

This paper focuses on the fiscal adjustment that the first regulation would require of countries with debt above the treaty benchmarks.

European Union debt financing: leeway and barriers from a legal perspective

The paper investigates the legal feasibility of the EU borrowing on the capital market to finance European public goods.

A new governance framework to safeguard the European Green Deal

This policy brief sets out policy proposals to enhance governance in order to safeguard EU decarbonisation.

The Digital Markets Act is about enabling rights, not obliging changes in market conditions

Compliance with the DMA will be about ensuring that users are empowered with rights to challenge gatekeepers

Making sense of the European Commission’s fiscal governance reform plan

This Policy Brief offers proposals to enhance institutional self-commitment to implementation, with reputational consequences for non-implementation.

The Russian war economy: macroeconomic performance

The Russian economy has performed better than many expected since the war in Ukraine started, though the financial burden will be felt for some time.

Adapting the European Union AI Act to deal with generative artificial intelligence

The European Union’s draft AI Act already needs to be revised to account for the opportunities and harms of generative AI.

How Ukrainian gas storage can contribute to Europe’s security of supply

To top up stored gas volumes for the coming winter, Europe can use spare capacity in Ukraine.

Competition in generative artificial intelligence foundation models

This working paper examines how competition in foundation models (FMs) works.

Globalisation and automation as sources of labour-market competition, and support for European Union unemployment insurance

The oil price cap and embargo on Russia work imperfectly, and defects must be fixed

Violations of the G7 price cap on Russian oil are becoming evident, but Western countries still can tighten rules and reduce the cash flows to Russia.

The Ukrainian war economy

This paper analyses Ukraine’s war economy management and performance, according to information available in June 2023.

Section 232 reloaded: the false promise of the transatlantic ‘climate club’ for steel and aluminium

This paper sets out the EU and US perspectives on the ongoing negotiations and evaluates their initial negotiation proposals.

What should be done about Google’s quasi-monopoly in search? Mandatory data sharing versus AI-driven technological competition

This paper explores the crucial role of search engines in modern digital economies and their impact on user welfare.

Can Europe make its space launch industry competitive?

Europe is falling behind in the global commercial space launch sector; a new programme may not be enough to fix the shortcomings