Publications
Bruegel's publications provide economic analysis that is accessible, and policy recommendations based on the most rigorous academic underpinnings.
Recent publications
COP28: key issues at stake and indicators of success
COP28 must convey the importance to governments of better integrating climate considerations into financial decision-making.
Compliance principles for the Digital Markets Act
This paper proposes an original set of five compliance principles derived from the DMA list of obligations.
The massive value of European Union cross-border electricity transmission
High values for cross-border electricity transmission capacity show the EU needs more connections between countries.
Digital Market Act designations: the interoperability of Google Android
The European Commission has taken an intelligent first step in enabling competition to Google Android and Google Play Services
The ‘pay-or-consent’ challenge for platform regulators
Users expect online services to be free but some digital firms are now offering pay-or-consent options, affecting competition dynamics.
Publication list
Analysis
23 November 2023
COP28: key issues at stake and indicators of success
COP28 must convey the importance to governments of better integrating climate considerations into financial decision-making.
Policy brief
16 November 2023
Compliance principles for the Digital Markets Act
This paper proposes an original set of five compliance principles derived from the DMA list of obligations.
Analysis
09 November 2023
The massive value of European Union cross-border electricity transmission
High values for cross-border electricity transmission capacity show the EU needs more connections between countries.
Analysis
08 November 2023
Digital Market Act designations: the interoperability of Google Android
The European Commission has taken an intelligent first step in enabling competition to Google Android and Google Play Services
Analysis
06 November 2023
The ‘pay-or-consent’ challenge for platform regulators
Users expect online services to be free but some digital firms are now offering pay-or-consent options, affecting competition dynamics.
Policy brief
02 November 2023
Third time lucky? China’s push to internationalise the renminbi
This paper analyses China’s different attempts to internationalise its currency and how they have fared.
Analysis
02 November 2023
‘Home-grown’ innovation has costs as well as benefits
Europe can improve its innovation systems, but should not try to copy the US approach
Analysis
02 November 2023
The reason for the European Union-Australia trade negotiation hiccup
Though trade talks have fallen through for now, the EU and Australia have long-term common interests in an eventual restart
Policy brief
26 October 2023
De-risking and decarbonising: a green tech partnership to reduce reliance on China
Greater alignment of the major economic powers is needed around a collective effort to improve security of supply for decarbonisation goods.
Analysis
26 October 2023
The European Union’s remarkable growth performance relative to the United States
The EU has outperformed the US on per-capita output growth; in terms of output per hour worked, some EU countries are as productive as the US
Working paper
23 October 2023
Recessions, the energy mix and environmental policy
This paper highlights that recessions result in permanent increases in energy efficiency and in the share of renewables in total electricity.
Analysis
10 October 2023
The European Union is ready for the 2023-24 winter gas season
Demand cuts, alternative supply and the green energy rollout mean the EU likely has enough gas for winter, even if Russian supplies are cut completely
Working paper
09 October 2023
To what extent can urbanisation mitigate the negative impact of population ageing in China?
Our analysis reveals that ageing accounts for only about 1 percentage point of the GDP growth rate deceleration over the past decade.
Analysis
09 October 2023
What will it cost the European Union to pay its economic recovery debt?
Servicing the EU debt until 2058 seems feasible, despite increased borrowing costs, but member countries must make choices about budget funding
Analysis
25 September 2023
The struggle to cut emissions from international aviation and shipping
Three possible policy pathways could lead to improvement and systemic change in the aviation and maritime sectors.
Working paper
18 September 2023
A quantitative evaluation of the European Commission’s fiscal governance proposal
This paper focuses on the fiscal adjustment that the first regulation would require of countries with debt above the treaty benchmarks.
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