Digital currencies

Memo to the commissioner responsible for digital affairs

On the digital euro holding limits

The plan for a retail digital euro holding limit, combined with a ‘waterfall approach’ to smooth transactions, sets up an apparent clash of objectives

De-dollarisation is all about de-risking

China’s third attempt to internationalise its currency

What will happen if China manages to strengthen the RMB?

The US and euro area must move faster on their digital currencies for wholesale purposes

The value added of central bank digital currencies: a view from the euro area

Central bank digital currencies do have added value, but this is not the same for every country.

Holdings limit will prove central to the digital euro’s future

The European Central Bank says its digital currency will not be a store of value, in contrast to global counterparts.

De-dollarisation

There are no shortcuts to finance

The basic underpinnings of regulation, reserves and (legal) recourse are missing in decentralised finance, or DeFi.

Web3: the next internet revolution

Tokenisation based on blockchain technology could bring radical changes to markets for goods and services.

Digital Euro blurs the lines between money and politics

A central bank-backed digital currency would put the EU in the global vanguard when it comes to taking cash payments online.

Central Bank digital currencies as weapons of finance?

An analysis on how CBDCs can be used in emerging economies to include more people in financial systems.

The charm of central bank digital currencies in a polarised world

How will CBDCs impact the international financial system?

Is there social added value in digital currencies?

Testimony on crypto and CBDCs to the Fintech committee of the European Parliament.