Digital economy

The battle for the AI stack

Europe’s options for AI in the midst of US-China strategic competition

Alicia García-Herrero, Bertin Martens, Paul Triolo and Yuyun Zhan

How is the Digital Markets Act supporting AI innovation in Europe?

Fiona M. Scott Morton

Artificial-intelligence competition in Europe: the role of DMA Article 6(7)

The DMA’s Android AI access rules could curb Google’s advantage, opening Europe’s AI market to rivals and strengthening innovation incentives

Fiona M. Scott Morton

India’s best defence against an AI cut-off is a coalition it should help lead

Alicia García-Herrero and Soumitra Dutta

The AI cold war needs a nonaligned movement

Alicia García-Herrero and Soumitra Dutta

Stack battles: the US-China artificial-intelligence rivalry is moving beyond chips alone

China is challenging US leadership in both AI hardware and software, with Europe unlikely to catch up

Alicia García-Herrero and Bertin Martens

Europe and its allies must plan to offset the AI dependency risk

A sudden suspension of Anthropic’s most powerful models for non-Americans previews a world in which access to AI can be abruptly cut

Alicia García-Herrero and Soumitra Dutta

The right balance: how to fix European Union artificial intelligence regulation

EU AI regulation should trade lower ex-ante burden for robust ex-post monitoring, judicial review and liability to curb harms without stifling markets

Mario Mariniello

To achieve tech sovereignty, Europe must not mimic its rivals

To cut its dependence on US and Chinese tech, Europe is copying their protectionism: raising costs, inviting retaliation and missing the real fix

Mario Mariniello

Europe’s third way on AI is easier said than done

Alicia García-Herrero

How can the EU prevent the dollarisation of digital finance?

Jeromin Zettelmeyer

Chips Act 2.0 and beyond: Indispensability, not self-sufficiency

Tillman Schenk

A new strategy to contain stablecoin risks in the European Union

EU reluctance on stablecoins may backfire as US-backed dollar tokens spread, pushing demand offshore and importing dollar risks into Europe

Lucrezia Reichlin, Bo Sangers and Jeromin Zettelmeyer

Money, stablecoins and the dollar

The past, present and future of money

Rebecca Christie, Barry Eichengreen and Lucrezia Reichlin