Topics
With more than 50 researchers, Bruegel tackles a range of economic topics and challenges, as set out in our annual research programme
Click the keywords to explore Bruegel's research by area of interest or filter publications by topic below:
artificial intelligence | banking union | capital markets | climate change | cohesion policy | competition policy |
competitiveness | corruption | Covid-19 | decarbonisation | defence | demography | digital currencies | digital economy |
digital single market | education | emerging economies | employment | energy | EU budget | EU governance |
EU-China relations | EU-UK relations | euro area | Euro crisis | European Central Bank | European Commission |
European Green Deal | European monetary union | European neighbourhood policy | European Parliament |
European semester | European single market | financial crisis | financial literacy |
financial regulation | fintech | fiscal policy | future of work | geopolitics | global governance | growth |
health economics and policy |industrial policy | innovation | investment | media | migration |
monetary policy | multilateralism | populism | public debt | security |sustainability | sustainable finance | tax policy |
technology | trade policy | transatlantic relations | welfare policy
Filter publications by topic
Policy Brief
02 December 2025
From strategy to doctrine: the next steps for European economic security
The EU needs a balanced strategy to cut reliance on the US and China while improving its capacity to counter coercive economic threats
Working paper
02 December 2025
The challenge of AI encroachment into online search and advertising
AI-driven answers erode search engine dominance and highlight the need for new strategies to promote competition in digital markets
Working paper
27 November 2025
Shifting priorities, slow progress: an analysis of EU tax recommendations
EU tax advice has broadened to new objectives, yet uneven implementation highlights the limits of soft coordination
Policy Brief
20 November 2025
Efficiency and distribution in the European Union’s digital deregulation push
A new framework shows how EU digital reforms must balance efficiency with transparent recognition of distributive consequences
Working paper
20 November 2025
What will it take to stabilise debt in advanced countries?
Debt can be stabilised across advanced economies yet many face sizeable fiscal adjustments and rising vulnerability to market shifts
Analysis
19 November 2025
The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity
The inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
Policy Brief
18 November 2025
Europe’s electricity capacity mechanisms need to be better coordinated
This paper analyses EU capacity mechanisms, their cost and security impacts, and the pros and challenges of deeper regional coordination
Analysis
13 November 2025
The solution to Europe’s housing affordability crisis must include building decarbonisation
The EU can help tackle Europe’s housing crisis by reducing energy costs, decarbonising buildings and adhering to climate goals
Working paper
07 November 2025
Understanding US foreign military sales globally since 2008: an analysis of a new dataset
The paper presents a new dataset of all US Foreign Military Sales since 2008 and analyses global trends in volumes and equipment types
Policy Brief
05 November 2025
What can Europe learn from China’s critical-tech innovation push?
China’s rise in frontier technologies narrows its gap with the US as Europe struggles with slow replication and fragmented research
Working paper
30 October 2025
Gender wealth inequality in the European Union: a distributional perspective
Analysis of single women and men in Europe reveals persistent gender wealth gaps and differing patterns across countries
Working paper
27 October 2025
Tariffs, deals and multilateral ideals: can the World Trade Organization survive?
The Trump administration’s trade policy accelerates the WTO’s decline and challenges global trade governance
Policy Brief
22 October 2025
What Germany’s medium-term fiscal plan means for Europe
EU leniency on Germany’s fiscal plan highlights rule rigidity and the need for reform to support investment
Policy Brief
13 October 2025
Europe’s dependence on US foreign military sales and what to do about it
Europe’s reliance on US arms raises autonomy concerns, as security worsens and leaders aim to cut strategic and technological dependence
Analysis
09 October 2025
Convergence, not alignment: EU-China climate relations ahead of COP30
Trade and other tensions between the European Union and China should not be allowed to derail joint work to cut emissions
Working paper
07 October 2025
The macroeconomic impact of ageing, EU immigration policy and pension expenditures
The EU faces ageing-driven fiscal strain, slower growth and rising pension costs, making employment-focused migration increasingly vital