Ben McWilliams
Ben McWilliams is an Affiliate Fellow at Bruegel. He specialises in energy and climate policy.
He covers clean technologies and decarbonisation. He also researches policy tools for stimulating industrial decarbonisation and the implications of emerging energy systems – such as hydrogen – for Europe’s economic geography. He works on the European Clean Tech Tracker, compiling data and drawing insights for clean technology trends in Europe. He has also worked on the policy and industrial implications of the 2022 energy crisis.
He holds a MSc in Economic Policy from Utrecht University, having completed a thesis investigating the economic effects of carbon taxation in British Colombia.
Disclosure of interests
Featured work
Europe’s electric vehicle conundrum
What to do about Chinese overcapacity, EU subsidies and the electric transition
European natural gas imports
This dataset aggregates daily data on European natural gas import flows and storage levels.
How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t
The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability
Dependence on fossil fuels, not on the United States, is Europe’s worry
The US has replaced Russia to a great extent as an energy supplier to the European Union, but this has not so far created a new vulnerability
A new European energy policy paradigm revealed by changes in hydrogen strategies
‘Made with Europe’ not ‘Made in Europe’ should guide EU industrial policy
The European Union should not go down the path of local-content requirements to protect industry but should remain open to international cooperation
How can Europe make CBAM a decarbonisation success story?
All about CBAM, the cross-border carbon levy
The EU’s carbon border adjustment mechanism is live! What happens next?
European natural gas demand tracker
Tracking monthly natural gas demand by country and the EU as a whole, with a breakdown of the power, industry and household sectors where possible
European clean tech tracker
This tracker provides an overview of the main innovation, manufacturing and deployment trends in clean tech in Europe
Europe has a solid basis for battery and electric vehicle manufacturing growth
Europe is successfully building up battery and EV manufacturing capacity, though mainly thanks to foreign investment
The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity
The inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
Europe’s Clean Industrial Deal: four priorities to fulfil its promise
The Clean Industrial Deal presents an opportunity for Europe, but quick action is needed on four priorities to deliver its goals
China’s race to electrification
Is China turning into an “electrostate” — and how will that change the balance of global energy?
How is Europe's green energy transition going?
Greening global industry: clean energy, trade and development
How to accelerate European green transition while cooperating with the Global South
Reconciling the European Union’s clean industrialisation goals with those of the Global South
Importing energy-intensive goods would be more efficient for EU clean industry goals than importing clean energy itself
How do Europe and the US compare on clean tech?
Transatlantic clean investment monitor 4: electric vehicles
A clear move to electric vehicles is underway, but the US is creating more obstacles than Europe
Ending European Union imports of Russian uranium
Continuing to do business with Rosatom, the company responsible for the commercial relationship on uranium with the EU, raises four issues
All work
Podcast
08 April 2026
Europe’s electric vehicle conundrum
What to do about Chinese overcapacity, EU subsidies and the electric transition
Dataset
02 April 2026
European natural gas imports
This dataset aggregates daily data on European natural gas import flows and storage levels.
Analysis
01 April 2026
How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t
The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability
Analysis
11 March 2026
Dependence on fossil fuels, not on the United States, is Europe’s worry
The US has replaced Russia to a great extent as an energy supplier to the European Union, but this has not so far created a new vulnerability
External publication
19 February 2026
First Glance
10 February 2026
‘Made with Europe’ not ‘Made in Europe’ should guide EU industrial policy
The European Union should not go down the path of local-content requirements to protect industry but should remain open to international cooperation
Newsletter
02 February 2026
Podcast
28 January 2026
All about CBAM, the cross-border carbon levy
The EU’s carbon border adjustment mechanism is live! What happens next?
Dataset
26 January 2026
European natural gas demand tracker
Tracking monthly natural gas demand by country and the EU as a whole, with a breakdown of the power, industry and household sectors where possible
Dataset
10 January 2026
European clean tech tracker
This tracker provides an overview of the main innovation, manufacturing and deployment trends in clean tech in Europe