Global economy and trade policy
Explore recurring issues in Europe’s relationship with its extended neighbourhood, and economic relations with China, India and the rest of the world
Europe’s global economic relationships have been complicated by the adoption of tariffs and subsidies by China and the US, often in contravention of World Trade Organisation rules.
Under the 2025-2026 research programme, Bruegel fellows explore the future of the international economic order and the role of emerging and developing economies in reshaping EU economic relations.
Recently published
India needs lasting reforms to attract foreign capital, not stopgaps
China economic database
Repository of what we consider to be the most relevant macroeconomic data for China and EU-China relations.
Europe's search for profitable investment should lead to India
Are jobs disposable now?
How do AI, technology and contracting change the way companies and workers relate?
IA : « Une coalition de puissances moyennes permettrait de négocier avec Washington et Pékin au lieu de subir leurs règles »
Global trade tracker
This dataset monitors goods-trade developments among major economies in the wake of the 2025 US tariff hikes
A plan for a World Trade Organization sectoral agreement on semiconductors
Trade weaponisation is straining WTO rules, but a semiconductor pact could show how to manage security risks
Beyond tariffs: why Europe and India must prioritise investment into manufacturing
Researchers
Ignacio García Bercero
Bruegel Senior Fellow
Jonathan D. Ostry
Bruegel Non-resident Fellow
Camille Reverdy
Bruegel Affiliate Fellow
Nina Vujanović
Bruegel Research Fellow
Events
European and Spanish foreign policy: a conversation with José Manuel Albares Bueno
What will be the main challenges in European and Spanish foreign policy?
Reconfiguring Europe in a changing world
How should Europe adapt its economic model to a fragmented global order?
Europe’s policy options for AI in the midst of US-China strategic competition
What lessons can Europe learn from China’s AI strategy?
Podcasts
The battle for the AI stack
Europe’s options for AI in the midst of US-China strategic competition
Europe's China shock 2.0
A record surplus, a fractured response and the limits of Brussels' ambitions
Reassessing China's role in the Middle East
A complex region, persistent assumptions and the limits of Beijing's ambitions
Exploring Chinese trade deflection
How much of what China can no longer sell to the United States ends up on Europe's doorstep?