Publications
Bruegel's publications provide economic analysis that is accessible, and policy recommendations based on the most rigorous academic underpinnings.
Recent publications
European public opinion remains supportive of Ukraine
Public support for Ukraine is holding up in allied countries, but preparations should be made for scenarios in which support ebbs away.
A new measure of aggregate trade restrictions: cyclical drivers and macro effects
In this paper, we present a new measure of aggregate trade restrictions.
The rising cost of European Union borrowing and what to do about it
Interest rates on the EU debt have risen substantially since 2022: what are the main drivers and implications and what to do about it?
Employer perspectives on employee work location: collaboration, culture and control
Employee surveys across different countries indicate that employees prefer working remotely and do not want to return to the office full time.
Adjusting to the energy shock: the right policies for European industry
In its industrial strategy response, the EU must ask if the energy-intensive parts of the value chain should be outsourced permanently.
Publication list
Blog post
12 March 2021
Persistent COVID-19: Exploring potential economic implications
We see three main economic implications of a scenario of recurrent outbreaks: lasting border restrictions, repeated lockdowns and enduring effects on
Blog post
11 March 2021
Financial services: The Brexit dust begins to settle
The phase of greatest Brexit-related uncertainty for the European financial sector ended on 1 January. Although too early to discern more than the bro
Policy brief
10 March 2021
Low interest rates in Europe and the US: one trend, two stories
Interest rates have been on a long-term decline, associated with declining productivity growth.
Policy brief
09 March 2021
A whole-economy carbon price for Europe and how to get there
Putting carbon pricing at the centre of the EU climate policy architecture would provide major benefits.
Blog post
08 March 2021
Self-employment, COVID-19, and the future of work for knowledge workers
The experiences of the self-employed could give a glimpse into the future of work for knowledge workers in a post-pandemic world.
Blog post
04 March 2021
The EU’s fiscal stance, its recovery fund, and how they relate to the fiscal rules
Joint EU borrowing to boost the recovery, if not treated as national deficit and debt, will substantially ease rules-based fiscal adjustment needs in
Blog post
04 March 2021
Fair vaccine access is a goal Europe cannot afford to miss
COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in the fastest-moving countries show signs of reinforcing inequality. European Union countries can avoid these pitfalls
Blog post
03 March 2021
Carbon price floors: an addition to the European Green Deal arsenal
As the European Union sets out a more ambitious climate policy, carbon price floors provide an opportunity to place greater emphasis on altering expec
Working paper
02 March 2021
Talking about Europe: exploring 70 years of news archives
This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of Europe as reflected in European media.
Blog post
25 February 2021
How is the G20 tackling debt problems of the poorest countries?
The G20 Debt Service Suspension Initiative, although a partial success, has been dogged by competing interests and lack of coordination. A further pus
Blog post
24 February 2021
A brown or a green European Central Bank?
The European Central Bank portfolio is skewed towards the brown economy, reflecting a bias in the market.
Working paper
24 February 2021
COVID-19 credit-support programmes in Europe’s five largest economies
This paper assesses COVID-19 credit-support programmes in five of the largest European economies, and examines how countries have dealt with trade-off
Policy brief
23 February 2021
China’s state-owned enterprises and competitive neutrality
The concept of competitive neutrality can be used to assess how far a market is from being a competitive environment.
Blog post
18 February 2021
US separates climate concerns from financial oversight in contrast to EU activism
Different EU and US supervisory approaches to climate risk may hamper efforts to work together and risk fragmenting global markets.
Blog post
17 February 2021
Continuing fiscal support and the risk of inflation
Ongoing fiscal support in the United States is not expected to provoke inflation risks. There are no immediate inflationary risks in the euro area eit
Blog post
16 February 2021
Regulating big tech: the Digital Markets Act
The European Union’s proposed Digital Markets Act will attempt to control online gatekeepers by subjecting them to a wider range of upfront constraint
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