Rippling out: Biden’s tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles and their impact on Europe
The US approach diverges from that of the EU, which is building a case for countervailing duties under WTO rules
US tariffs on Chinese imports: managed trade is back
A hike in US tariffs is not a return to wholesale protectionism, and the European Union is unlikely to duplicate the US approach
Three risks that must be addressed for new European Union fiscal rules to succeed
The reform, completed in April 2024, left implementation unaddressed, or at least open to very different potential outcomes
Unpacking China’s industrial policy and its implications for Europe
This paper assess how beneficial industrial policy has been for China and how exportable to the European Union its model might be
Managing the What Ifs: Europe, China and world trade
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Annual Report 2023
Delve into the biggest economic trends of the past year, as seen through the lens of Bruegel's research programme
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China research
Bruegel regularly publishes research on China's relationship with the EU and the wider world.
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Beyond retirement: a closer look at the very old
The European Union should start to prepare for those over 85 making up 10 percent of the population in 2100
Income inequality and the liberal economic order: a not entirely Western perspective
This essay argues that global welfare gains should be safeguarded and built on, not undermined by a blinkered perception of liberalism.
Economic arguments in favour of reducing copyright protection for generative AI inputs and outputs
The licensing of training inputs slows down economic growth compared to what it could be with competitive and high-quality GenAI
The EU needs a methodology for including reform impacts in fiscal trajectories
Such a methodology, and a governance mechanism for managing associated risks, must be in place before the new fiscal framework kickstarts in September
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