Exchange rates and fundamentals: Forecasting with long maturity forward rates

The impact on the European Union of Ukraine’s potential future accession

This report evaluates the impact on the EU of a possible EU accession of Ukraine, focusing on economic consequences and institutional developments.

The EU needs a methodology for including reform impacts in fiscal trajectories

Such a methodology, and a governance mechanism for managing associated risks, must be in place before the new fiscal framework kickstarts in September

Real effective exchange rates for 178 countries: a new database

Emerging countries have replaced most of Russia’s lost trade with advanced economies

Russian trade overall seems to have suffered little from sanctions; meanwhile, medicine and food trade continues with sanctioning countries