Digital economy

The right balance: how to fix European Union artificial intelligence regulation

EU AI regulation should trade lower ex-ante burden for robust ex-post monitoring, judicial review and liability to curb harms without stifling markets

Mario Mariniello

To achieve tech sovereignty, Europe must not mimic its rivals

To cut its dependence on US and Chinese tech, Europe is copying their protectionism: raising costs, inviting retaliation and missing the real fix

Mario Mariniello

Europe’s third way on AI is easier said than done

Alicia García-Herrero

How can the EU prevent the dollarisation of digital finance?

Jeromin Zettelmeyer

Chips Act 2.0 and beyond: Indispensability, not self-sufficiency

Tillman Schenk

A new strategy to contain stablecoin risks in the European Union

EU reluctance on stablecoins may backfire as US-backed dollar tokens spread, pushing demand offshore and importing dollar risks into Europe

Lucrezia Reichlin, Bo Sangers and Jeromin Zettelmeyer

Money, stablecoins and the dollar

The past, present and future of money

Rebecca Christie, Barry Eichengreen and Lucrezia Reichlin

Europe needs a strategy to close the artificial intelligence compute gap

In its bid to compete with the US on AI, Europe could learn from both China and from the classic Airbus industrial policy case

Alicia García-Herrero and Bertin Martens

Revamping Europe’s chips strategy: indispensability, not self-sufficiency

In revising the European Chips Act, the EU should seek to make itself an indispensable partner in the semiconductor value chain

Niclas Poitiers and Tillman Schenk

Deregulating artificial intelligence will not boost EU tech markets

European plans to weaken AI users’ rights are unlikely to help achieve convergence in performance between the EU and US tech markets

Mario Mariniello

The case for a European Union digital enforcement authority

The European Union's digital rulebook could be better enforced by delegating some of the European Commission's powers to an independent agency

Mario Mariniello

Europe’s artificial intelligence strategy should be built on European strengths

Europe can gain most from AI not through development but through sound regulation and adoption of the best the world has to offer

Mario Mariniello

The real justification for the digital euro? Monetary sovereignty

The best argument for the digital euro is to discourage ghosts of the euro crisis from returning to haunt Europe

Rebecca Christie

Europe needs a regulated market for personal data

Data markets would provide a middle ground between shutting down many online services and unchecked exploitation of users

Fiona M. Scott Morton

Europeans should be allowed to trade personal data

Well-designed data markets could curb gatekeeper power, protect privacy and pay users for sharing data, while preserving ad-supported digital services

Paul Heidhues, Nick Jacobson, Giorgio Monti and Fiona M. Scott Morton