The European Union is ready for the 2023-24 winter gas season

Demand cuts, alternative supply and the green energy rollout mean the EU likely has enough gas for winter, even if Russian supplies are cut completely

Israel-Hamas war: implications for the global oil market

Fears of Iranian involvement in the Hamas attack could destabilise the global oil market

To what extent can urbanisation mitigate the negative impact of population ageing in China?

Our analysis reveals that ageing accounts for only about 1 percentage point of the GDP growth rate deceleration over the past decade.

What will it cost the European Union to pay its economic recovery debt?

Servicing the EU debt until 2058 seems feasible, despite increased borrowing costs, but member countries must make choices about budget funding

How to say goodbye?

Europe’s strategic challenge

The EU should pursue ‘gradual and pragmatic federalism,’ underpinned by essential governance reform.

Read with Bruegel: Ways of being

The search for more-than-human intelligence.

The digital euro’s communication gap