Countries are still slow to follow European Union policy recommendations

Despite broad adherence to pandemic-related fiscal guidance, EU countries have not speeded up reform in difficult areas

Adapt to a harsher world: Memo to the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy

The EU has become more vulnerable, facing Russian aggression on its borders and a conflict in the Middle East where it has little influence

China’s third plenum is unlikely to significantly correct an ailing economy

A gradual approach to resolving China's economic problems will likely exacerbate the supply-demand imbalance

European clean tech tracker

This tracker provides an overview of the main innovation, manufacturing and deployment trends in clean tech in Europe

The EU must unite to confront threats and overcome divisions

The European Investment Bank can afford to take more risks

Significant reserves built up through decades of profit-making should enable the bank to absorb volatility of riskier investments

What should the Presidents of the EU institutions do in their forthcoming term?

The changing dynamics of European electricity markets and the supply-demand mismatch risk

This paper discusses the balance between efficient electricity system operation, investment incentives and social fairness

What role do imports play in European defence?

The European Union wants to reduce reliance on imported defence equipment, but the reliance seems to be overstated