Blog Post
REPowerEU: will EU countries really make it work?
By acting together, the European Union can optimise its response to the energy crisis in all scenarios but each country will have to make concessions.
Blog Post
By acting together, the European Union can optimise its response to the energy crisis in all scenarios but each country will have to make concessions.
Blog Post
The EU lacks the coordination structure and transparent data necessary to most effectively navigate an embargo on Russian oil.
Blog Post
The idea of confiscating the Bank of Russia’s frozen reserves is attractive to some, but at this stage in the Ukraine conflict confiscation would be counterproductive and likely illegal.
Opinion
Even at this late hour, the European Union should consider taking a different path.
Opinion
A tariff on imports of Russian fossil fuels would allow Europe to hit Russia's energy sector without great suffering.
Opinion
A punitive tariff on all energy imports from Russia would be a better choice than a gradually phased-in embargo on selected fuels.
Blog Post
The European Union should apply a tariff on imports of Russian oil; it can be accompanied by a quota for a gradual, conditional phase-out of all Russian oil imports.
Opinion
The 2 May meeting of EU energy ministers should deliver strong and common EU action. Failing to do so would undermine Europe’s unity, energy security and foreign policy.
Opinion
As energy security risks increase, European governments must stop subsidising oil and gas, and ask people to consume less.
Policy Contribution
Policymakers must think coherently about the joint implications of their actions, from sanctions on Russia to subsidies and transfers to their own citizens, and avoid taking measures that contradict each other. This is what we try to do in this Policy Contribution, focusing on the macroeconomic aspects of relevance for Europe.
Working Paper
The most efficient way for Europe to sanction Russian energy would not be an embargo, but the introduction of an import tariff that can be used flexibly to control the degree of economic pressure on Russia.
Opinion
The war in Ukraine has brought an end to a 60-year period in which Europe has enjoyed a peace dividend, an amount released by reducing defence expenditure to be invested in beneficial economic activities.