Topics
Bruegel researchers tackle a range of economic topics and issues, grouped across wider topics which cover the breadth of our expertise.
Climate change
Concessional climate finance: the Bridgetown Initiative
Energy crisis: five questions that must be answered in 2023
Here’s how researchers can help overcome the threats arising from market turmoil and geopolitical realignment after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Energy
Preparing for the next winter: Europe’s gas outlook for 2023
We explore in detail the two pillars of energy security: LNG supply and the nature and volume of natural-gas demand reductions.
European natural gas imports
European natural gas demand tracker
COVID-19
The hidden inequalities of digitalisation in the post-pandemic context
Digital automation has affected working conditions quite broadly, beyond job loss, in several other important ways.
European Union countries’ recovery and resilience plans
Ukraine
Germany’s Emerging War Economy
To meet the challenges of an age in which the threat of war is always present, Germany and Europe must invest heavily in military innovation.
Enlarging and deepening: giving substance to the European Political Community
The EPC would not be, and should not be, regarded as a substitute for EU accession, but should be designed to work as an accelerator.
Ukraine and what it means for European Union enlargement
The real issue for EU leaders when they discuss Ukraine’s application at a 23-24 June summit and beyond, is what kind of club the EU should be.
Filter publications by topic
Working paper
20 November 2019
The state of China-European Union economic relations
More can be done to capture the untapped trade and investment opportunities that exist between China and the EU. China’s size and dynamism, and its re
Policy brief
19 November 2019
Crisis management for euro-area banks in central Europe
Euro-area bank integration has decreased as post-financial crisis national rules require banks to hold more capital at home. It might be undermined fu
Working paper
18 November 2019
How does China fare on the Russian market? Implications for the European Union
China’s economic ties with Russia are deepening. Meanwhile, Europe remains Russia’s largest trading partner, lender and investor. An analysis of China
Policy brief
05 November 2019
How to make the European Green Deal work
Ursula von der Leyen has proposed a European Green Deal that would make Europe climate neutral by 2050. With this Policy Contribution, the authors pro
Policy brief
10 October 2019
With or without you: are central European countries ready for the euro?
The debate on euro adoption by central European EU countries has intensified in the last years. In this Policy Contribution the author does not review
Policy brief
24 September 2019
The European Union-Mercosur Free Trade Agreement: Prospects and risks
After nearly 20 years of on-off negotiations, the European Union and Mercosur – a customs union covering Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay – in
Working paper
17 September 2019
EU trade policy amid the China-US clash: caught in the crossfire?
What risks face the EU with regard to China’s strategic aims in trade policy and how can the EU respond? The US effort to isolate China poses particul
Policy brief
12 September 2019
Hybrid and cybersecurity threats and the European Union’s financial system
The authors document the rise in hybrid threats and cyber attacks in the European Union. Exploring preparations to increase the resilience of the fina
Policy brief
11 September 2019
Collective action in a fragmented world
International collective action is in search of a new paradigm. It cannot rely anymore on global binding rules supported by universal institutions. Ne
Book
03 September 2019
Braver, greener, fairer: Memos to the EU leadership 2019-2024
This collected volume, edited by Maria Demertzis and Guntram Wolff, focusing on the most important economic questions at EU level. The memos covering
Book
09 July 2019
Digitalisation and European welfare states
EU policymakers must find answers to pressing questions: if technology has a negative impact on labour income, how will the welfare state be funded? H
Policy brief
08 July 2019
The European Union energy transition: key priorities for the next five years
The new members of the European Parliament and European Commission who start their mandates in 2019 should put in place major policy elements to unlea
Policy brief
04 July 2019
The threats to the European Union’s economic sovereignty
Memo to the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. The authors describe the current context and the increasing inte
Policy brief
03 July 2019
Preparing for uncertainty
Memo to the president of the European Central Bank. Grégory Claeys, Maria Demertzis and Francesco Papadia present the challenges that the next ECB pre
Policy brief
24 June 2019
Redefining Europe’s economic sovereignty
This Policy Contribution delves into the position of the EU in the current global order. China and the United States increasingly trying to gain geopo
Policy brief
13 June 2019
A strategic agenda for the new EU leadership
Memo to the presidents of the European Commission, Council and Parliament. 'A strategic agenda for the new EU leadership' by Maria Demertzis, André Sa