
Publications
Economic analysis and policy recommendations based on rigorous academic underpinnings
Recent publications

Ten challenges facing China’s economy
China’s economic problems are structural; the response so far has not tackled the root causes

Transatlantic clean investment monitor 4: electric vehicles
A clear move to electric vehicles is underway, but the US is creating more obstacles than Europe

Implementing the EU Nature Restoration Law: exploring pathways for member states
This paper explores three restoration pathways, revealing trade-offs between equity, cost-efficiency, and carbon sequestration

Intra-Western Balkans dynamics: stocktaking and ways ahead
This paper explores the barriers to, and prospects for, deeper intra-Western Balkan economic relationships
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Publication list
Policy Brief
12 March 2025
Ukraine: European democracy’s affordable arsenal
A future enlarged EU, including Ukraine, should take full advantage of the lower-cost military production capabilities of Ukraine
Analysis
11 March 2025
Thinking European first and its implications
Faced with heightened geopolitical uncertainty, the European Union should base its actions on an overarching principle of ‘thinking European first’
Report
11 March 2025
Capital markets union: a deep dive
Five measures to foster a single market for capital
Analysis
11 March 2025
Can Germany afford to take most defence spending out of its debt brake?
Higher German defence spending would be fiscally sustainable, but would require cuts elsewhere and would breach EU fiscal rules
Analysis
06 March 2025
Transatlantic clean investment monitor 3: battery manufacturing
Battery manufacturing investment is rising fast on both sides of the Atlantic with the US outstripping Europe – for now
Policy Brief
27 February 2025
Will China’s economy follow the same path as Japan’s?
Since the 2021 bursting of its real-estate bubble, worries have grown that China's future economic trajectory will mirror that of Japan in the 1990s
Analysis
27 February 2025
'Reciprocal' tariffs: what's in a word?
Trump's definition does not reflect reciprocity as applied in past multilateral trade negotiations or in equality of tariffs
Analysis
26 February 2025
Greening the EU budget: why climate mainstreaming needs reform
The EU’s climate mainstreaming framework suffers from design flaws and complexity, risks greenwashing and does not detect harmful activities
Policy Brief
25 February 2025
Europeans still want climate action, but don't trust governments to deliver
Despite recent election results, underlying concern about climate change has not changed significantly
Working paper
24 February 2025
Gender diversity and economic growth
The gains from gender inclusiveness are likely to be much larger than standard economic models estimate
Analysis
24 February 2025
Clean industrial transformation: where does Europe stand?
Clean-tech investment and employment in the EU are growing, but a major heavy industry decarbonisation push is still needed
Analysis
21 February 2025
Defending Europe without the US: first estimates of what is needed
Europe could need 300,000 more troops and an annual defence spending hike of at least €250 billion in the short term to deter Russian aggression
Policy Brief
19 February 2025
Europe’s energy information problem
Choices are needed about responsibilities at European and national levels, expanding existing institutions or creating new independent ones
Report
17 February 2025
Policy Brief
17 February 2025
Policy Brief
13 February 2025
How to improve the European Union’s sustainable finance framework
Five adjustments would make the EU sustainable finance framework more effective at delivering the desired alignment of incentives
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