
Publications
Bruegel's publications provide economic analysis that is accessible, and policy recommendations based on the most rigorous academic underpinnings.
Recent publications

Employer perspectives on employee work location: collaboration, culture and control
Employee surveys across different countries indicate that employees prefer working remotely and do not want to return to the office full time.

Adjusting to the energy shock: the right policies for European industry
In its industrial strategy response, the EU must ask if the energy-intensive parts of the value chain should be outsourced permanently.

Cleantech manufacturing: where does Europe really stand?
A single European Union cleantech manufacturing capacity target should be based on an understanding of the situation in each cleantech sector

The problem with preferential trade agreements
Preferential agreements can be an alternative to a sclerotic WTO, but, if multilateral rules fail, they also risk conflict between trading blocs

Fiscal rule legislative proposal: what has changed, what has not, what is unclear?
The proposed new fiscal rules constitute a major improvement from the current fiscal framework but missed an opportunity to foster green investment.
Publication list
Policy brief
29 April 2022
Fiscal support and monetary vigilance: economic policy implications of the Russia-Ukraine war for the European Union
Policymakers must think coherently about the joint implications of their actions and avoid taking measures that contradict each other.
Working paper
28 April 2022
Cutting Putin’s energy rent: ‘smart sanctioning’ Russian oil and gas
Infrastructure bottlenecks prevent Russia from selling all the oil it wants to bring to market, even at lower prices.
Blog post
26 April 2022
Owning up to sustainability risks: the EU should champion international standards
To keep European Union capital markets open and integrated, new international standards should be reflected in future European law.
Working paper
25 April 2022
The low productivity of European firms: how can policies enhance the allocation of resources?
Economists take total factor productivity (TFP) as one of the most informative indicators of the state of a country's economy.
Blog post
25 April 2022
Climate migration: what do we really know?
While uncertain, studies suggest that climate change will cause significant internal and international migration over the next century.
Blog post
19 April 2022
A sanctions counter measure: gas payments to Russia in rubles
A requirement for gas to be paid for in rubles is a way for Russia to side-step central bank sanctions.
Blog post
15 April 2022
The European Union should sanction Sberbank and other Russian banks
EU should extend harsh sanctions to most or all of the largest Russian banks, including the largest that plays a central role in its financial system.
Working paper
13 April 2022
Knowledge flows and global value chains
We explore the implications of a range of novel approaches to GVCs for our understanding of how they affect knowledge flow and innovation.
Blog post
12 April 2022
The decoupling of Russia: European vulnerabilities in the high-tech sector
The EU will face challenges in sectors where it relies on Russian and Ukrainian commodities and technologies.
Working paper
11 April 2022
Measuring the intangible economy to address policy challenges
The purpose of the first work package of the MICROPROD project was to improve the firm-level data infrastructure, expand the measurement of intangible
Blog post
08 April 2022
The European Union demand response to high natural gas prices
Even before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, high natural gas prices triggered an estimated European Union demand cut of about 7%.
Blog post
08 April 2022
Putin’s Russia is a minnow compared to the Cold War Soviet Bloc
For the time being at least, based on the non-military metrics considered here, Moscow’s global heft is a shadow of its former Soviet self.
Blog post
06 April 2022
Bold European Union action is needed to support Ukrainian refugees
Hosting Ukrainian refugees could cost European Union countries in excess of €40 billion this year. A dedicated EU fund is needed to manage the burden.
Blog post
05 April 2022
Is the private sector retreating in China? Not among its largest companies
China’s largest private-sector companies are expanding more quickly than state-owned enterprises (SOEs).
Working paper
05 April 2022
The private sector advances in China: The evolving ownership structures of the largest companies in the Xi Jinping era
This paper documents recent structural changes in China’s corporate landscape, based on company level data.
Blog post
28 March 2022
The decoupling of Russia: high-tech goods and components
Sanctions on high-tech goods supplies, combined with financial sanctions and other restrictions, will deprive Russia of a future as a modern economy.
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