
Publications
Bruegel's publications provide economic analysis that is accessible, and policy recommendations based on the most rigorous academic underpinnings.
Recent publications

The ripple effect of financial education
A financial literacy course for university students in Cyprus also improved the financial knowledge of their parents.

The potential of sovereign sustainability-linked bonds in the drive for net-zero
Sovereign SLBs could help incentivise climate policies in EU countries, and accelerate emission reductions.

How much will the EU pay Russia for fossil fuels over the next 12 months?
With sanctions incomplete, the European Union could pay Russia about €30 billion for fossil fuels in the next year.

Artificial intelligence adoption in the public sector: a case study
This case study illustrates the drivers of and barriers to AI adoption by organisations, and acceptance of AI by workers in the public sector.

Phased European Union electricity market reform
In this paper, we set out a framework for evaluating the many interrelated issues in the current EU electricity market reform.
Publication list
Working paper
13 June 2022
Raising EU productivity through innovation
A better overview of which firms are most likely to adopt digital technologies and to innovate, and to turn these investments into productivity growth
Blog post
08 June 2022
Food security: the role and limits of international rules on export restrictions
Unblocking Ukrainian ports and facilitating wheat exports through large-scale international coordination remains essential.
Policy brief
07 June 2022
Policies to support the self-employed in the labour markets of the future
A review of changes in the way we work.
Blog post
02 June 2022
Is the EU Chips Act the right approach?
Measures to safeguard semiconductor supplies proposed in the Chips Act could prove to be wrongly focused, could tip over into harmful protectionism.
Blog post
01 June 2022
Europe’s Russian oil embargo: significant but not yet
The ban on most Russian oil significantly scales up the EU response to aggression against Ukraine, but the bloc should stand ready for retaliation.
Working paper
31 May 2022
Book
28 May 2022
Economics of access to energy
This chapter discusses the key obstacles that have so far prevented 840 million people worldwide from gaining access to electricity.
Blog post
18 May 2022
REPowerEU: will EU countries really make it work?
By acting together, the European Union can optimise its response to the energy crisis in all scenarios but each country will have to make concessions.
Blog post
17 May 2022
Does the war in Ukraine call for a new Next Generation EU?
The European Union should take significant economic measures in response to the war in Ukraine, but a new Next Generation EU is not needed yet.
Blog post
16 May 2022
The EU needs transparent oil data and enhanced coordination
The EU lacks the coordination structure and transparent data necessary to most effectively navigate an embargo on Russian oil.
Blog post
16 May 2022
Now is not the time to confiscate Russia’s central bank reserves
As the costs of Ukraine’s resistance mount, there are increasing calls to confiscate these frozen reserves to finance Kyiv’s war and reconstruction.
Working paper
11 May 2022
Is the workforce ready for the jobs of the future? Data-informed skills and training foresight
For many newly emerging jobs, labour-market mismatches prevail as workers and firms are unable to apply precise occupation taxonomies and training lag
Blog post
11 May 2022
Insights for successful enforcement of Europe’s Digital Markets Act
The European Commission will enforce digital competition rules against big tech; internally, it should ensure a dedicated process and teams.
Policy brief
05 May 2022
Beating burnout: identifying bad jobs and improving job quality
To improve wellbeing at work, job quality policy should pay more attention to imbalances in job content and the social environment at work.
Blog post
29 April 2022
How a European Union tariff on Russian oil can be designed
The European Union should apply a tariff on imports of Russian oil; it can be accompanied by a quota for a gradual, conditional phase-out.
Policy brief
29 April 2022
Fiscal support and monetary vigilance: economic policy implications of the Russia-Ukraine war for the European Union
Policymakers must think coherently about the joint implications of their actions and avoid taking measures that contradict each other.
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