Jacob Funk Kirkegaard

Europe Is Stuck With America

What lessons can Ukraine learn from the Gulf?

The time has sadly come for a Nordic nuclear weapon

Why US designs on Greenland will ultimately end in compromise

Annexation of Greenland by the United States is unrealistic for numerous reasons

The European Union and the war in Ukraine: more money, but not more Europe

This Working Paper analyses the drivers of rearmament and especially military aid to Ukraine

The real obstacle to EU capital market integration is unreformed pension systems

Private pension savings in EU countries are limited by pension system design, meaning far less money than there could be for capital market investment

Economic impact must dictate immigration policies in an ageing Europe

Faced with rapid population change, EU countries must evaluate the weighting they give to different migration channels in their immigration policies

There are no good arguments against the Ukraine reparations loan

What does an ageing Europe need from immigration?

The macroeconomic impact of ageing, EU immigration policy and pension expenditures

The EU faces ageing-driven fiscal strain, slower growth and rising pension costs, making employment-focused migration increasingly vital

What should Europe pay for?

The EU’s next seven-year budget grapples with agriculture, defence and public goods

How can Europe hold its own in a multipolar world?

Geopolitical shifts and their economic impacts on Europe: Short-term risks, medium-term scenarios and policy choices

Ukraine: European democracy’s affordable arsenal

A future enlarged EU, including Ukraine, should take full advantage of the lower-cost military production capabilities of Ukraine

How can the EU affordably rearm itself?

Why is the G7 pledge to loan Ukraine $50 billion by the end of 2024 so important?

What can Europe learn from Japanification?

Japan’s experience in dealing with an ageing population and deflation could provide important lessons for Europe and beyond

Has Hungarian obstructionism triggered greater EU fiscal integration?

Viktor Orban, by delaying EU aid to Ukraine, may have inadvertently helped make the case for more EU fiscal federalism

Memo to the commissioner responsible for migration

Transatlantic economic challenge in an era of growing multipolarity

The contributions in this volume by subject area experts from the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Bruegel ponder how or whether t