Ignacio García Bercero
Ignacio García Bercero is a Senior Fellow at Bruegel. He specialises in trade policy and its relationship with regulatory policies and other global policies.
He covers the reform of multilateral trade institutions, new trends in bilateral trade policies, relationships between strategic partners and the interface between trade, climate policies and economic security issues.
He speaks English, Spanish and French.
He is a Visiting Professor in the Department of Political Science of University College London. Previously, he was a Fellow at St. Anthony’s College, Oxford, where his research focused on World Trade Organization (WTO) reform. His work in the European Commission included contributing to the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations. In the WTO, he served as Head of legal affairs and dispute settlement, Counsellor in the Delegation to the UN and Chief Negotiator for free trade agreements with South Korea, India and the United States. He has also overseen relations with Mediterranean countries on trade and sustainable development. His last position in the Commission was Director for strategy, multilateral affairs and economic analysis. Ignacio holds a LLM from University College London.
Disclosure of interests
Featured work
What the US-Canada trade war means for Europe
As the EU’s top trading partners fight, what are the lessons for the single market?
Extending CBAM to downstream products risks undermining its credibility as a climate policy tool
The current proposals to extend CBAM's coverage are more about trade protection than stopping carbon leakage
A plan to revitalise the World Trade Organization
Saving the WTO will require EU-led alliances, better subsidy disciplines and new plurilateral routes, even if some initiatives sit outside the WTO
The flaws in the European Union’s proposed Industrial Accelerator Act and how to fix them
IAA provisions should rest on clear sector choices, WTO-safe criteria and FDI screening that welcomes value-adding investment
EU policy on the World Trade Organization in the wake of the March Ministerial
Despite stalled WTO talks, the EU should persevere with like-minded economies on new agreements and common global trade rules
Holding the line on the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism
Exempting fertilisers from CBAM would achieve little while risking climate progress
An EU strategy in the wake of the United States Supreme Court tariffs ruling
The European Union should suspend last year’s trade deal with the US and plan for retaliation in response to new tariff uncertainty
‘Made with Europe’ not ‘Made in Europe’ should guide EU industrial policy
The European Union should not go down the path of local-content requirements to protect industry but should remain open to international cooperation
How can the EU use FTAs to secure its global ambitions?
Defining the new strategic direction for European Union trade policy
A turbulent January exposed EU trade strengths and fissures, demanding rapid anti-coercion action and smarter leverage of trade deals
All about CBAM, the cross-border carbon levy
The EU’s carbon border adjustment mechanism is live! What happens next?
The end of the Turnberry truce: how the EU should react to US coercion over Greenland
The EU should be prepared to hit back against US economic pressure, deploying trade and anti-coercion measures
EU-India: trading partners with potential
Can Brussels and New Delhi work together to improve economic ties?
What can Europe do to mitigate economic security risks?
From strategy to doctrine: the next steps for European economic security
The EU needs a balanced strategy to cut reliance on the US and China while improving its capacity to counter coercive economic threats
A first step in coalition building to reform the global trading system
Two of the world’s major trading blocs have signalled their willingness to work to repair a system undermined by the US and China
The EU should moderate its steel protection plan
A European Commission proposal for a tight quota and high steel tariffs risks undermining perceptions of the EU as a reliable trading partner
The time is right to make a European Union-India trade deal happen
This Policy Brief offers a broad perspective on the EU-India trade relationship
Global trade conflict: opportunity for the EU
EU-UK trade and the Trump effect
What’s in the new EU-UK trade agreement and how does it fit with the tariff threats from Washington?
All work
Podcast
09 September 2026
What the US-Canada trade war means for Europe
As the EU’s top trading partners fight, what are the lessons for the single market?
Event
08 October 2026
Winning trade wars or securing trade peace?
Can rules-based trade survive an era of geopolitical rivalry?
First Glance
17 July 2026
Extending CBAM to downstream products risks undermining its credibility as a climate policy tool
The current proposals to extend CBAM's coverage are more about trade protection than stopping carbon leakage
Policy Brief
26 May 2026
A plan to revitalise the World Trade Organization
Saving the WTO will require EU-led alliances, better subsidy disciplines and new plurilateral routes, even if some initiatives sit outside the WTO
Policy Brief
21 May 2026
The flaws in the European Union’s proposed Industrial Accelerator Act and how to fix them
IAA provisions should rest on clear sector choices, WTO-safe criteria and FDI screening that welcomes value-adding investment
Event
20 May 2026
China-EU economic relations and preserving stability amid geopolitical shocks
Closed-door roundtable discussion, jointly organised with the China Finance 40 Forum
First Glance
02 April 2026
EU policy on the World Trade Organization in the wake of the March Ministerial
Despite stalled WTO talks, the EU should persevere with like-minded economies on new agreements and common global trade rules
Event
10 March 2026
The Mother of All Deals? Economic Implications of the India-EU FTA
What does the EU–India FTA mean for the future of trade?
First Glance
24 February 2026
Holding the line on the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism
Exempting fertilisers from CBAM would achieve little while risking climate progress
First Glance
23 February 2026
An EU strategy in the wake of the United States Supreme Court tariffs ruling
The European Union should suspend last year’s trade deal with the US and plan for retaliation in response to new tariff uncertainty