Alicia García-Herrero
Alicia García Herrero is a Senior Fellow at Bruegel. She specialises in emerging markets, with a particular focus on Asia and Asia-European Union relations. Trade, finance and banking are the topics she covers most regularly.
She speaks English, Spanish, French, German and Italian. She can also converse in Chinese, Japanese and Portuguese.
She is the Chief Economist for Asia Pacific at French investment bank Natixis, a Board Member of AGEAS insurance group, a non-resident Senior Fellow at the East Asian Institute of the National University Singapore and Adjunct Professor at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. She is a Member of the Council of the Focused Ultrasound Foundation and an advisor to the Hong Kong Monetary Authority’s research arm. Previously, she was Chief Economist for Emerging Markets at Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria and Head of the International Economy Division of the Bank of Spain. Alicia has served as visiting Professor at John Hopkins University, China Europe International Business School and Carlos III University. She holds a PhD in Economics from George Washington University.
Disclosure of interests
Featured work
China’s artificial intelligence goals and strategic choices for Europe
China’s AI strategy pairs domestic control with global diffusion, aiming to lead innovation, standards and governance on its own terms
Apple's Android battle offers US AI companies a playbook for China
Tough choices ahead as the US pushes a global artificial-intelligence divide
Though proliferation of AI models is essentially uncontrollable, the US is trying to force a split with China, pushing allies into a no-win bind
Programmable sovereignty: coordinated specialisation as a response to the N-2 problem in artificial intelligence
Programmable sovereignty offers states beyond the US and China a way to reduce AI dependence through shared compute and governance capacity
China economic database
Repository of what we consider to be the most relevant macroeconomic data for China and EU-China relations.
China’s Arctic Silk Road is now a reality
While China flexes its economic muscle in partnership with Russia, the United States struggles to realise its own Arctic shipping options
The renminbi’s hardest mile is only now beginning
Europe must not simply dismiss the crisis in Ceuta
Europe should let the market judge China’s open AI models
AI: The United States and China compete for the top spot, while the EU looks on
China’s Tech Stocks Are Falling Despite Their Own Breakthroughs
India needs lasting reforms to attract foreign capital, not stopgaps
Europe watches AI from the sidelines
Europe's search for profitable investment should lead to India
The battle for the AI stack: Nvidia versus Huawei, with Europe watching from the sidelines
IA : « Une coalition de puissances moyennes permettrait de négocier avec Washington et Pékin au lieu de subir leurs règles »
Beyond tariffs: why Europe and India must prioritise investment into manufacturing
The battle for the AI stack
Europe’s options for AI in the midst of US-China strategic competition
China’s influence in the United Nations: Words and deeds
Steel is the test case for dealing with China’s overcapacity
All work
Newsletter
09 February 2026
Working paper
28 January 2026
Growth without profits: how will ‘involution’ in China end?
China’s involution drives price wars and misallocation as even laggards slash prices, propping up zombie firms and stoking trade tensions
First Glance
22 January 2026
Scant benefits for significant risks: price undertakings for Chinese electric vehicles entering Europe
The Commission’s proposed price undertaking system could mean bigger margins for Chinese producers and higher prices for EU consumers
Podcast
21 January 2026
China’s Yuan and Europe’s industry: a growing imbalance
How exchange rates, overcapacity and price divergence are reshaping EU–China trade and why Europe may need new policy tools
Opinion piece
14 January 2026
First Glance
05 January 2026
Venezuela: the upending of values and another warning to Europe
Trump's brazen attack on Venezuela presents challenges for China – and opportunities
Opinion piece
04 January 2026
Event
19 January 2026
Divergent or convergent green tech paths?: China vs Europe
How might the EU and China’s respective strategies in green technologies shape global markets going forward?
Newsletter
23 December 2025
Opinion piece
09 December 2025