Trade policy

Pivot to Asia, Europe or the Homeland? 18 Years of US Foreign Military Sales

Juan Mejino-López, Javier Ospital and Guntram B. Wolff

How will the Iran conflict hit European energy markets?

Policymakers should plan for a potentially prolonged standoff in the Middle East, while doubling down – not backtracking – on the energy transition

Simone Tagliapietra

Holding the line on the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism

Exempting fertilisers from CBAM would achieve little while risking climate progress

Kimberly Clausing, Ignacio García Bercero, Marilyn Pereboom and Catherine Wolfram

An EU strategy in the wake of the United States Supreme Court tariffs ruling

The European Union should suspend last year’s trade deal with the US and plan for retaliation in response to new tariff uncertainty

Ignacio García Bercero

Why Europe must reject Canada’s tack towards China

Alicia García-Herrero

India-EU trade pact moves from promise to reality but challenges persist

Alicia García-Herrero

‘Made with Europe’ not ‘Made in Europe’ should guide EU industrial policy

The European Union should not go down the path of local-content requirements to protect industry but should remain open to international cooperation

Ignacio García Bercero, Antoine Mathieu Collin, Ben McWilliams, Niclas Poitiers and Simone Tagliapietra

How can the EU use FTAs to secure its global ambitions?

Ignacio García Bercero

Europe needs a broader trade-defence toolkit against a mounting China shock

Alicia García-Herrero

How can Europe make CBAM a decarbonisation success story?

Ben McWilliams

Defining the new strategic direction for European Union trade policy

A turbulent January exposed EU trade strengths and fissures, demanding rapid anti-coercion action and smarter leverage of trade deals

Ignacio García Bercero

European and Chinese exports kept growing despite the 2025 Trump trade shock

Diversification has kept global trade strong, despite Trump’s tariffs and accelerated US-China decoupling

Zsolt Darvas and Marie-Sophie Lappe

Growth without profits: how will ‘involution’ in China end?

China’s involution drives price wars and misallocation as even laggards slash prices, propping up zombie firms and stoking trade tensions

Alicia García-Herrero and Jianwei Xu