Security

Europe’s challenges: what is new?

Jeromin Zettelmeyer

Energy Security amid Geopolitical Instability: Lessons from the 2026 Strait of Hormuz Shock

Ugnė Keliauskaitė, Ben McWilliams, Thomas Mramor, Alexander Roth, Simone Tagliapietra and Georg Zachmann

A plan for a World Trade Organization sectoral agreement on semiconductors

Trade weaponisation is straining WTO rules, but a semiconductor pact could show how to manage security risks

Petros C. Mavroidis and Mario R. Palacios

US Foreign Military Sales

This dataset offers detailed information on FMS notifications of transfers of military equipment from the US to foreign governments

Juan Mejino-López, Javier Ospital and Guntram B. Wolff

How much has the Russian budget gained from Iran-war related higher oil prices?

Russia has gained some fiscal headroom from higher oil prices, though not enough to fully offset budgetary difficulties from the Ukraine war

Marek Dabrowski

Europe’s economic outlook: managing short-term shocks is no longer enough

Ricky Li and Jeromin Zettelmeyer

German rearmament under the spotlight

Germany’s rearmament effort is laying bare its structural weaknesses in strategic, technological and operational modernisation

Guntram B. Wolff

Symbolic membership for Ukraine could bring practical security benefits to the EU

An idea for associate EU membership for Ukraine now, in parallel with negotiations on full membership that will take years, should be taken seriously

Heather Grabbe

Leading in spending, lagging in innovation: German defence procurement compared to the UK and Poland

This report shows that orders have grown rapidly in frequency, size and number since the start of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine

Guntram B. Wolff, Johannes Binder and Thomas Morgan

Long-duration electricity storage needs for coping with Dunkelflaute events in Europe

Martin Kittel, Alexander Roth and Wolf-Peter Schill

Beijing to push Trump on Taiwan, with potentially global consequences

President Donald Trump will be in a weak position when he travels to China in mid-May for crucial talks with Xi Jinping

Alicia García-Herrero

Who controls the defence industry?

The defence industry is gaining importance in Europe, but the methods by which states exercise control over it are varied and poorly understood

Marco Becht, Juan Mejino-López and Guntram B. Wolff

Europe beyond unanimity on security

A new European Security Treaty using majority voting would end veto abuse and build shared defence capabilities for a new geopolitical era

Francesco Nicoli, Roel Beetsma and Guntram B. Wolff

Could a Hormuz toll solve the oil crisis and who pays?

With a return to the pre-Iran conflict energy status quo unlikely, a Hormuz toll may be the next best option – but Gulf states would pay the most

Guntram B. Wolff

How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t

The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability

Ugnė Keliauskaitė, Ben McWilliams, Thomas Mramor, Alexander Roth, Simone Tagliapietra and Georg Zachmann

The costs and failures of air defence in the Iran conflict and what they mean for Europe

Shoring up Europe’s defensive capabilities needs to focus on cheap interceptors and offensive capability to target military industries

Alexandr Burilkov and Guntram B. Wolff