Eu governance

The changing dynamics of the Western Balkans on the road to European Union membership: an update

This paper concentrates on economic and social convergence in the region and the economic and institutional aspects of EU accession

Why artificial intelligence is creating fundamental challenges for competition policy

This Policy Brief examines competition-reducing market-entry barriers in each segment in the AI value chain

The European Central Bank’s operational framework and what it is missing

This paper attempts to fill in the gaps in the European Central Bank's framework review

The European Union’s proposed duties on Chinese electric vehicles and their implications

The European Commission can take a better route than imposing countervailing duties on Chinese electric vehicles

Countries are still slow to follow European Union policy recommendations

Despite broad adherence to pandemic-related fiscal guidance, EU countries have not speeded up reform in difficult areas

The EU must unite to confront threats and overcome divisions

What role do imports play in European defence?

The European Union wants to reduce reliance on imported defence equipment, but the reliance seems to be overstated

Future European Union gas imports: balancing different objectives

Criteria including derisking, climate considerations, methane intensities and transportation security should inform decisions on the EU’s gas imports

Overcome divisions and confront threats: Memo to the Presidents of the European Commission, Council and Parliament

Memo to the Presidents of the European Commission, Council and Parliament

How to finance the European Union’s building decarbonisation plan

This policy brief discusses the challenges of meeting EPBD targets and introducing ETS2 smoothly

Russia's immobilised reserves

Testimony to the Dutch Committee on Foreign Affairs

EU securitisation push needs markets, not housing guarantees

Scale and liquidity are two challenges that remain in the pursuit of EU securitisation

Macron's snap election gamble

Dissecting the political turmoil in France following President Macron's surprising call for snap parliamentary elections

EU insurance union should follow the Fed

The EU could benefit from more centralised supervision of insurance companies, with the right financial stability safeguards

How to harvest the windfall profits from Russian assets in Europe

The challenge still remains of crafting a syndicated loan for Ukraine backed by G7 members that strikes a fair deal on burden sharing