

What should the European Union aim for in a trade deal with Trump?
The EU should plan for both the short term and the long haul in trade talks with the United States

How much research talent could Europe grab from the US?
Up to a fifth of researchers in top US universities have previously studied in Europe; they might be persuaded to return

Lessons for the European Central Bank from the 2021-2023 inflationary episode
This paper reflects on these developments ahead of the ECB’s 2025 monetary policy review

‘Project Einstein’: research excellence for Europe and the world
The European Union has the money to attract researchers under threat in the US and should coordinate a scheme to deploy it

The European Union should not water down bank capital standards
The EU should resist the pressure for banking-sector deregulation that is likely to follow from the deregulatory push in the United States

Preventing future electricity blackouts requires thorough analysis
There is still no clear picture of what led to the Iberian blackout; a comprehensive, evidence-based investigation is essential

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The governance and funding of European rearmament
Europe must accelerate rearmament through deeper cooperation and innovative governance to counter Russia’s aggression and shifting US policies

Defending Europe without the US: first estimates of what is needed
Europe could need 300,000 more troops and an annual defence spending hike of at least €250 billion in the short term to deter Russian aggression

The economic impact of Trump’s tariffs on Europe: an initial assessment
It is likely that Trump’s tariffs will be a limited hit to Europe, though some regions and industries could suffer and may need protective measures

Trump's reciprocal tariffs stoke fears that a Mar-a-Lago Accord could be next
A US trade policy that goes against common sense has stoked fears that US debt restructuring could come next

Will China’s economy follow the same path as Japan’s?
Since the 2021 bursting of its real-estate bubble, worries have grown that China's future economic trajectory will mirror that of Japan in the 1990s

China
Bruegel regularly publishes research on China's relationship with the EU and the wider world
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